Nut-lock



(No Model.)

W. S. STARNES.

NUT LOUK.

No. 394,148. Patented Dec. 4, 1888..

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VIN FIELD STARNES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

NUT-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,143, dated December4, 1888.

Application filed April 2, 1888. Serial No. 269,313. No model.)

To (LZZ whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVINFIELD-S. STARNES,

; said nut.

Locks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in nut-locks, whichimprovements are fully set forth and explained in the followingspecificai ion and claims, reference being had to the accompz'myingdrawings, and the letters and figures thereon, making a part of thisspecification, in which- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of arailroad-rail and angle fish-plate and a side perspectivc view of aconnecting-liiolt with the nut lock thereon in position. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the base-washer of the nutlock. Fig. 3 is a perspectiveview of the lipwasher used between the n ut and basewasher. Fig. 4 is aside view of the lip-washer, and Fig. 5 is a central cross-sectional"iew of the base-washer.

The 11 ut-lock in this instance is shown as being used in connectionwith a railroad-rail and fish-plates for holding the ends of the railstogether; but it may be used for an v other purpose where a nut-lock isnecessary.

Referring to the drawings, B is a connect ing-bolt for passing throughthe rail and fishplates in the ordinary manner.

F is a base-washer intended to be placed on the screw-threaded end ofthe said bolt next the fish-plate, and is constructed with an enlargedcircular bearing, (1, on its under side and a projection, l), on itsupper or opposite side, form ed with its sides at right angles with itsbase and of the same size and number of faces as the nut Hand lip-washerR,with which it is to he used, so that a wrench adjusted to one will fitthe others, and on said projection is formed a rim having two inclinedsurfaces, V I, which terminate at the vertical oiisets S S. A hole ismade through said baseovasher of a size to loosely fit about the bolt,and is preferably tapered in form, largest at the base next the circularbearing C on 1ts underside, but may be of any suitable form. This saidbasewasher is formed with two contact-surfaces of different diameters,having different degrees of frictional contact.

R is an intermediate washer formed with an extending lip, a, at one sideat rlght angles with its plane to extend at the side of the nut H forpreventing turning backward of the Said washer is formed on its faceopposite said lip with inclines and offsets corresponding with those ofwasher F and reverse thcreto, and adapted to register there with.

H is a nut of the ordinary pattern.

In application when the nut-lock is used in locking nuts of theconnecting-bolts of railroad-rail joints, as illustrated, the bolt beingin place, the base-washer F is placed on it- .nextthe fish-plate withits bearing (1 next the fislrplate. The washer R is placed on the saidbolt next base-washer F, so its inclines and oifsets will register withthose of said base-washer. The nut II is then turned on the bolt untilit engages with the washer R, when a wrench is applied to said nutandtwo washers simultaneously, after which the washers with the nut areturned so the bearing-surface C of the base-washer I will be hardagainst the fish-plate. The force with which the washer F is held incontact with the fish-plate and the nut and washers are held in contactdepends on the pitch of the screw-threads, but the amount of frictionalcontact of parts depends upon the area or diameter of contact-snrface.The diameter and ;contact-surface (J of the washer F is larger than thecontact-surfaces of said washer with washer R, and hence should a jar orvibration or other motion tend to turn and loosen the parts on the boltthe smaller surface between the washers would be first to be overcome,as the surface C has greater resistance than said lesser surface; buthowever, should the nut H be caused to turn backward independently itwill engage the lip a of washerR and turn said washer with it and causethe inclines of said washer to move up the inclines of washer F morerapidly than the screw-threads advance the nut, and thus jam the nutmore closely against the washer R, as the pitch of said inclines isgreater than that of the screw threads.

\Vhen it is desired to remove the nut from the bolt, a wrench isadjusted and applied to 7 as soon as they are started the jam of the nutis relieved, and the parts can be easily re- .1noved..

size and form correspondingwith that of the nut, so that a wrench can beapplied to both washers and nut at the same time, and also where anintermediate washer having inclines and offsets corresponding with thoseof the base-washer and adapted to register therewith, and a lip forengaging the side of the nut to prevent the independent turning backward thereof, and wherein said parts are all combined and used asdescribed.

Ha *ing thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is as follows, to wit:

1. The nut-lock shown and described, consisting of the combination ofthe base-washer F, having the enlarged bearing-su rfaee C, faceprojection D, of less diameter than its hear ing C, and having circularinclines and vertical oifsets on said projection surrounding itsopening, intermediate washer, R, having the extending side lip, a, andinclines and vertical offsets on its side or face opposite said lipcorresponding and adapted to register with those of said base-washer,nut H, and the connecting-bolt B, having screw threads of less pitchthan said inclines, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the bolt 13 and 'nut ll, of the base-washer F,having the e11- larged circular bearing C, vertical offsets S S, andcircular inclines V V, of less diameter than said bearing 0, and theintermediate washer, R, having the extending side lip, (1, and verticaloffsets and inclines on its opposite face corresponding and adapted toregister with those of base-washer F, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name, in the presenceof two witnesses, this 29th day of December, 1887, at Chicago, Illinois.

XVINFIELD S. STARNES.

\Vitnesses:

W. R. CHURCH, LEsLIE MALONE.

